Aeroplane.



'R. B. SCROGGS.

l AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION man JAN. 23. 19111 patented Dee. 11,1917.

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... Gbtomwg R. B. SCROGGS.

AEROPLANE.

vAPPLlcMloN FILED 1AN.23.1911.

Patented Dee. 11,1917.

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ROY B. SCROGGS, 0F EUGENE, OREGON.

AERO'PLANE.

famosa,

Application filed January 23, '1a/'17. 'serial No, 144,025.

Beit=known that I, ROY B. SCRoGcs, a citizenof the United States, residing at Eugene, vinthe county of Lane and State of Oregon, have invented new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which thefollowing'isafspcifcation.

This invention relates to aeroplanes nr l flying machines of the heavier-than-air class, and particularlyto aeroplanes of the 'biplane type, the primary object of the inventio'n' belng to provide a construction of machine designed to afford a high degree of flying eiiiciency with a. minimum of air resistance.-v

A furtherobject of the invention 'is to provide an aeroplane having a body portion and A' ustainingsl'irfac'e4 of` novel form and construction, for., A still furthe l provide steering.andstabilizing-means of purpose described.

object the. invention is '5l a simpiecharacar .desigaaiespeciauy for' usegin connection with' 'ru'ction dischetti-iff.

With these fand other objectsinview, the

ania'chine of 'the conrinven'tion vconsists of the features of coninstruction, combination and arrangement of fparts'cihereinafter fully described and claimed,reference Abeing had to the accom-` panying drawings in which :-v

' Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal-section.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec..

as of a wood or metal framework -having av The said quadra-ngular pyramidal form, apex or reduced end forwardly presented. The upper surfaces-5 of this dy form a top or deck portion, while the side and bottom surfaces 6 and 7 thereof extend rearwardly with the surfaces 5 in diverging relation, as shown. At a suitable point the body is provided with a cockpit or compartment 8 for the aviator and one or more passengers, and its widened rear portion 9 'forms av compartment of requisite area to receivel a motor 1Q for driving th propeller 11. y

The planes-2 and 3 are body is of having its of greatest length so arranged with respect to Fig. 6 is fa horizontal transverse section on` the 11ne'6-v-6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view A, showing a certain adjustment of the rudder planes of the' steering gear. showing a di'er- Fig.'8 is a similar'view ent'adjustment thereof.

In carrying my invention lintoy practicez provide an aeroplane or flying machine of the class described face comprising wings2 and '3 Arespectively forming upper and lower supporting planes.;

Thefbody may be mounted upon any ordi# nary or preferred construction of launching -and alighting based.l

The body 1 maybe constructed 1n any .means particularly adapted for use in conand durability, such .weight with, strength comprising a hollow body vor nacelle 1, provided with'a supporting sur- Imaximum lifting eect at the greatest weight comes,

.since theshape -use of material the sacrifice of u admits 'of the propulsion of the craft withl"out great atmospheric resistance.

are of triangular fo'rm, the side edges of the wings of these planes, 'which are widest at their bases or rear edges, extend forwardly in'converging relation and approximate at or'a'djacent to the reduced point or bow portion of the body l. The planes are reinforced from the body and from each 'other by suitable stays or braces 12 of a kind de- Signed to afford requisite .strength and rigidity with a minimum of resisting surface.'

v The 'wings or planes may be either 85 A. straight or curved, depending upon the contemplated angle of attack or angle of incidence) and other conditions, curved, planes being preferably employed. The planes are, i the portions of as to give their the point where 'namely in rear of the.' tra-n's'verseline of the cock pit,'so as toy Ovide for a' correctand eiiicient coin'- 95 cidence ofthe center of gravity :with the` ct'iter of pressure for a vreliable inherentl balancing. action. Bythe jform and con the surface ofthe body 1,

'struction ofbody and supporting surfaei disclosed, a machine is provided which in 1 -eifeethasthe same general configuration and minimumresistance to flight as a dart, thus` allowing great speedto be. obtained with-i outv a. great expenditure lof driving power, ofthe lmachine allows of the ma of very-light weight' without structural strength, and also I also provide steering and stabilizing 11o junction with 'my improved type of machine.

' or the steering lateral motions of the' Shaft in` planes yingl over suitable guides 20, Y vspective rudder planes 13 and 14:', whereby v the tsaid 'planes may.l in ,opposite This improvedsteering and stabilizing means comprises front and rear rudder planes 13 and 14, the taking ofthe general configuration of the machine structure, or beging of triangular form. These planes are pivotally mounted for normal swinging movement on horizontal transverse aXes 1 i planes are coupled to the ends of a longitudinally extending rod or shaft15. This rod or shaftextends through and is journaled in thesbdy 1 for lateral rocking motion with a steenng wheel or element 16 disposed within thef ook pit 8. This steering wheel or element 16 is" rigidly connected with the rod or shaft for the purpose 'of transmitting lateral rocking movements thereto, but is pivotally mounted, as at 1 7 for for'e-and-aft tilting motions, the vconstruction being such that the steering member and shaft-may be tilted laterally inv` either direction as a unit member tilted backward or forward independently. The steering wheel is coupled by sets of cables 418 and 19, passwith the rebe pivotally adjusted l directions simultaneously. on 'whiletheyl may also be adjusted their. axes,

the same direction by'the simultaneously in their pivotal `movements. llt

right angles -to that by tiltingthe wheel will thus bev seen the rudders mayv ascent and descent ancing the machine, wheel and shaft in one and simultaneously tilting and longitudinally baland that by turningthe direction or theother plane 13 at least par.

3 Vand 14', whereby the l' be vertically adjusted forv -p derplanes. n test1 the rudders to ,l

desired angles of incidence the machine may be steered' and balanced laterally, the control mechanism adapting the rudders to be operated in a simple and convenient manner to secure various combinations of movements for sensitive steering and balancing actions.

From'the foregoing description, taken in connection witlrthe drawings, the construction and mode of operation of my improved aeroplane will be readily understood, and it will be seen that the invention provides a machine of this character which great strength and durability and maximum speed with comparatively low driving power. Also it will be seen that the invention provides a steering mechanism which is peculiarly adapted for use in connection with the improved means in providing rudders especially designed and arranged for cooperation with the supporting surfaces to .give a wid`e range ofA flexibility in steering and controlling actions.

lv claim A ying machine including frusto pyramidal body having its apex for- `wardly directed, pairs of triangular wings arranged 4in superposed relation on opposite sides of the body and having their side edges converging forwardly toward the apex ofthe body, rudder planes arranged at the front and rear of the body, alongtudinally extending rock shaft on which said rudder lanes aretiltably mounted, and'means for rocking said shaft and also tilting mony whereof l aHiX my signature:

will afford a hollow said rud-- RUY B. SCROGGS. 

